Imagine being placed in a world that is 3000 light years away from our earth. If you knew what our earth was like 3000 years ago, who our ancestors were, when religion came into being and when the country came into being. Like, but would you trust this? You may be thinking that this is what Time Travel is all about.
Let me show you that this can happen. If you go 3000 light years away from the earth and look through a powerful telescope you will see the earth 3000 years ago. This telescope has so much potential that it can see the past of the planets thousands of kilometers away from our earth. It took NASA 30 years to build this telescope. And the cost of building this is 10 billion US dollars. If we count this in Indian Rupees, this amount is 75000 crores. Thousands of scientists have worked hard to make this telescope with money. The name of this telescope is JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE. This is by far the most powerful telescope in the world. By going into this telescope space, thousands as well as millions of years old information can be found and we can also see. Due to its peculiarity, many scientists also call it time machine. Now you may be wondering how this telescope could look in the past and why many scientists call it Time Machine. And how can this telescope give us information thousands of years old?
Before we can understand how this telescope works, we need to understand how our eyes, that is, the human eye, see things. When we are in the dark our eyes do not see anything we see there, but as soon as the lights are turned on we see everything there. This means that because of the light we can see everything, the reason behind this is that the light is reflected on everything and falls into our eyes and we see everything.
Light that travels at a speed of 3 lakh kilometers per second. It doesn’t take long for this light to spread in a small room but it takes time for this light to move from one place to another in our solar system. Let me tell you that the distance between the moon and the earth is 384000 kilometers. And the moon receives its light from the sun, and when the Reflected light of Moon hits the earth, it takes 1.25 seconds. So this means that the moon we see is 1.25 seconds old.
The Moon is very close to the Earth but the Saturn (Saturn) is 160 million kilometers away from the Earth, and the light that passes 3 million kilometers per second and this light coming from Saturn to the Earth about 1 hour and 28 It takes minutes. This means that the Saturn we see is a 1:28 hour old version. From this he can estimate that even if this Saturn planet breaks in two, we will know after 1 hour and 28 minutes. This means that we see the past of Saturn.
The distance of light passing through space is measured by Light Year or Light Hour. That is, the distance that a light travels in an hour is called Light Hour and the distance that light travels in a year is called Light Year. For Saturn we can say that Saturn is 1.5 Light Hour away from Earth.
We all know that the universe is so big, our Milky Way spans 125000 light years. This means that if one wants to travel from one end to the other in a milky way, he has to cover a distance of 125000 light years which is not possible till now. And there are thousands of planets in our galaxy that we can’t see. Because it is millions of light years away from us. And that’s why we use the telescope to see the planets. The design of the telescope is such that it shows a clear picture by multiplying even a small amount of light. Launched in 1990, the Hubble Telescope can see objects 1 million light years away from our solar system. Hubble’s system is also called Deep Field.
[This photo is so old that our earth didn’t even exist then, the light captured in this photo actually came out 10 Million years ago. And our Earth is 4.5 Million years old.]
Some people wonder why we need James Webb space if we had a Hubble Telescope. The Hubble had a 2.4 meter mirror while the James webb space had a 6.5 meter mirror. Hubble can see 100 times more than the human eye, while James Webb Space can see 1 million times more than the human eye. The people who made it say that if we put it on the moon, it could see even the smallest things on earth. The James Webb Space Telescope can also see Infrared Light. According to science, the light of the stars that are farther away from us is converted into infrared light coming to the earth, due to which Hubble cannot recognize it. But with the help of james webb space we can get information about these distant galaxies and planets. The main mirror of this telescope is made by Avery so that it folds as it goes into space shuttle and it will be opened after going into space. This Telescope was sent into space on 25 December 2021. This will be arranged about 1.5 million kilometers away from the Earth which is called L2 Point. According to NASA, the telescope has reached L2 Point on 25 January 2022 and has started its work.